Análise das causas do insucesso escolar da rapariga nas escolas primárias do distrito de Boane

Abstract

In Mozambique, the education system in the basic level still shows many losses, above all with the girls. These high levels of losses demonstrate that the school system has not been able to provide the students with equity and quality. The causes of school failure are many diversified and involve all the education players, from the Ministry of Education to the parents or guardians and the social condition. These factors contribute for girl’s low school attendance and dropouts. This work discusses the possible causes of the school failure in the District of Boane, taking as starting point two primary schools located in the headquarters of Boane District Village, with the aim of bringing proposals of solutions that can reduce or eliminate the girl’s low educational achievements, particularly in the rural areas. In context, a case study was carried out in two schools of basic level in Boane District with the following research questions: (i) What are the characteristics of the Teaching and Learning process of the schools of Boane District? (ii) What endogenous and exogenous factors are associated to the girl’s school failure in primary schools, particularly in Boane District? (iii) What strategies to use in order to reduce the girl’s school failure caused by her failure and dropouts in primary schools in Boane District? Therefore, a multidisciplinary and comprehensive approach of the school failure factors is relevant, starting from the most common to the most subjective ones, as long as they contribute for the failure of the teaching and learning process. The recommendations of this research are settled in three levels: To the Ministry of Education, it is necessary to make trainings to endow the teachers and school managers of enough and appropriate knowledge, related with their role before the problem of the girl’s school failure: the parents and/or the guardians should contribute for the school success of their children, participating in the educational activities and they should maintain contact with the teachers with the aim of having a joint identification of certain needs and ways of tackling them; there is a need of the participation of all education players in the development and implementation of a school curriculum that satisfies the social needs, seen as one of the ways to reduce or to end up with the losses