Composição botânica, disponibilidade e capacidade de carga das pastagens comunitárias do distrito de Xai Xai

Abstract

A study was made of the botanical composition and availability of pasture in the 4 community pasture areas of Regadio do Baixo Limpopo, in 2015, in order to define their management strategy. 14 plots of 1 ha were established, in each plot a sub-plot of 900 m 2 was established where 10 plots of 1 m 2 were launched for each plot totaling 140 plots sampled, where the survey of plant species was made, the availability was determined by the direct method. A total of 48 samples weighing 250 grams were sent to the laboratory to determine BP according to methods recommended by AOAC (2000). The frequencies of the species were analyzed using Microsoft Excel software, the person (r) correlation between availability, load capacity and header was used, ANOVA was used as a factor and Tukey test to compare the significance of the differences in the MS means. total and PB between pasture areas and between months using the statistical package SPSS version 17.0 for Windows. The results show that Panicum maximum (14.52%), Cynodon dactylon and Pycreus subtrigonus (9.29%) of the Poaceae family occurred more frequently and abundantly; still, 30% and 20% of the species were considered highly desirable and desirable. The average availability of pasture in the study areas in April and September was 4 703.14 and 1 925.33 Kg DM ha -1. The average load and header capacity in April and September was 1.36 and 3.32 ha AU -1 and 0.7 and 0.3 AU / ha -1. The grazing capacity in the 4 areas in April and September was 7 622 and 3 120 AU. The mean ± Standard Deviation of the total DM of the pasture and PB in 2015 in the Baixo Limpopo Irrigation was 51.88 ± 6.24% and 6.29 ± 1.81%. The study concluded that pasture is desirable for consumption by cattle. The DM is not sufficient to sustain the current load / header capacity and the BP level does not meet the needs of the cattle.(TRADUÇÃO NOSSA)