Abstract:
This study focuses on school organization and management models. The objective was to understand and discuss the main models of organization and management followed by some schools based on the leadership style practiced by their managers. Due to the need to limit the field of study, the research was developed in the City Maputo in two community schools namely the Mary Community School Wilson and Escola Comunitária Santo António da Malhangalene in a sample for the year 2011, 102 elements selected on the basis of strata according to random selection and accessibility. The development of this research followed predominantly the qualitative approach and were the targets of the research (in addition to school principals) three groups of informants namely parents and / or parents, teachers and students. The instruments of data collection were the semi-structured interview and the quiz. The interview was applied to the two school principals, while the questionnaire was for parents and / or guardians, teachers and students from both schools. The data collected were grouped into two categories: (i) models of school organization and management and (ii) the opinion of school actors on the leadership styles in community schools. The results of the study made it possible to perceive that in community schools there is a strong tendency towards a bureaucratic and mechanistic organizational model associated with undemocratic style, leading to weak openness on the part of school leaders. Furthermore, the study made it possible to realize that the community (actors) is not consulted, that is is, there is little dialogue between the school leader and the school actors and decision-making is made in the absence of it. The study concluded that the two community schools, object of the study, are governed by a traditional model with a little democratic management given the rigidity in the compliance with standards. Finally, the study recommends to leaders, whether at central level either local, that assume an attitude of change as one of the main aspects for school development. It also recommends that teachers be trained in management issues of the entire educational process and that they act in a collegial way(TRADUÇÃO NOSSA)
