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Current research shows that women are underrepresented in STEM fields, despite a global increase
in enrolment over the past two decades. At Eduardo Mondlane University (UEM), women make
up only 15% of engineering students. This underrepresentation is linked to deep-rooted social
injustices, making it a systemic issue. Scholars argue that technology can promote more inclusive
education by providing greater opportunities for women in STEM. However, in the Mozambican
context, research about educational technology (EdTech) as a tool for fostering women's inclusion,
particularly in the STEM education field, is scarce. Therefore, this study seeks to contribute to the
discussion on the underrepresentation and the inclusion of women in the STEM field of education
with a particular focus on UEM’s engineering undergraduate courses. In this research, a qualitative
approach was used to understand whether technology in the engineering graduate course’s
classroom at UEM can have an enabling and inclusive effect by providing a potential mechanism
for women to participate in the learning process as equal peers. The study engaged with six UEM
female students through eighteen in-depth interviews (three interviews per participant). The
interviews were conducted using Seidman’s (2013) three-interview protocol. The results were
analysed and framed using the work of Nancy Fraser, who presents a three-dimensional social
justice framework (economic, cultural, political) (2005, 2009). Fraser’s framework was used to
analyse the results and understand to what extent EdTech can be an enabling factor to achieve
social justice in the university context of engineering graduate courses. This research found that
women prefer in-person classes, but they also benefit from educational technologies, appreciating
the flexibility of asynchronous online activities due to their limited time, often stretched between
academic pursuits and domestic responsibilities, which are culturally expected to be managed
primarily by women. Moreover, for these women, in a digital environment, there is a reduced
presence of conventional gender biases and expectations to fit in related to physical appearance
and adoption of male behaviours, enabling women to genuinely express their character and make
authentic contributions. |
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