Impacto socioeconómico da produção aquícola em Moçambique: caso de estudo- Província da Zambézia

Abstract

Fish farming has become an excellent business and area of research, providing important economic and nutritional benefits for the population, where tilapia farming, in particular, has expanded significantly throughout the country, with an emphasis on Zambézia province. The aim of the study was to analyse the socio-economic impact of aquaculture production in Mozambique. 49 fish farmers were surveyed in the districts of Quelimane, Nicoadala, Pebane and Milange. The descriptive analysis showed that most of the fish farmers were men, aged between 35 and 55, with secondary education, living in medium-sized families where 1 or 2 people contribute to the monthly income. They produce in an area of less than 500 square metres, with one pond and use a semi-intensive system for tilapia production. Production is destined for commercialisation and is sold locally. Production aspects limit the development of fish farming and feed was identified as the main obstacle. Variables such as production area, number of ponds, construction cost, production cycles, cost of fry and revenue have a direct impact on productivity and profitability. Tilapia production is considered profitable, although fish farmers are unaware of the profits made at the end of each cycle. To do this, fish farmers need to know the production costs and understand cost accounting in order to be able to estimate the profits from the activity. They also need to undergo technical training in economic viability. Aspects such as the availability of inputs, technical training, extension services and access to finance must be taken into account in order to increase productivity and profitability