Avaliação do sistema de irrigação por sulcos nos campos de produção da cana de açúcar na Companhia de Sena, distrito de Marromeu

Abstract

This work consisted of evaluating the furrow irrigation system in sugarcane fields. sugar at Companhia de Sena, district of Marromeu. These are fields where irrigation by furrows is made in about 16% of the total area irrigated by the Company with plans for its expansion given the type of soil suitable for this type of irrigation and also the minimization of costs with irrigation. The main objective of this work is to evaluate the efficiency of the furrow irrigation system and to discuss alternatives to reduce water losses and consequently energy consumption. For carrying out the research, several measurements were made in the field, such as the ability to soil infiltration; the flow in the primary and secondary channels; the slope of channels and furrows; the flow in the furrows; and, the times of advance and recession of the water in the furrows. The results indicate that the transport efficiency in the primary and secondary channels is around 56% and the application efficiency of 18.5%, quite low for furrow irrigation, showing that there are considerable water losses both in channels and furrows. The storage efficiencies and uniformity are very good, respectively 100% and 99.8% which shows that the crop water needs are met and there is great potential to improve application efficiency. To increase irrigation efficiency, cleaning and maintenance is recommended. periodic (annual) repair of the canals to improve the water conduction and distribution system. Better Irrigation efficiency can be achieved by carrying out tests in the field with the reduction of flows applied in furrows and reduction in water application time. On the other hand, the full coating or partial use of irrigation channels may improve transport efficiency, however, such possibility should be evaluated taking into account the necessary investment costs (TRADUÇÃO NOSSA).