Aplicação dos sistemas de informação geográfica na análise hidrológica de superfície na bacia hidrográfica do rio Lúrio

Abstract

With climate change and economic and industrial development, accompanied by population growth and improvement in the quality of life of populations, concerns arise regarding the water deficit, because the demand for water has exceeded the supply capacity. Therefore, this study aims to analyse the hydrological behaviour in the Lúrio river basin. For the study, precipitation data from rain gauge stations, namely the Namapa and Nuite stations, located along the Lúrio river basin area, were used. For data processing and analysis, geographic information systems techniques were used. The results show that precipitation in the basin area is quite irregular, presenting climatic seasonality, with two characteristic periods, the rainy period from October to March and the dry period from April to September. The different physical characteristics showed that the drainage area of the basin is 61.119,206 km 2 , the perimeter is 1.679,222 km, the compactness coefficient is 1,9, the shape factor is 0,23, the index circularity is 0,27, drainage density is 0,12 km/km 2 . The hierarchy of watercourses is 4th order, the hypsometric amplitude was 2.080 m, with a higher elevation of 2.100 m and a lower elevation of 20 m. After analysing the results obtained, it was concluded that the basin has an elongated shape, low drainage density, making it less susceptible to flooding under normal precipitation conditions.